Thalassemia (Mediterranean anemia) is the most common, inherited single gene disorder in the world. Treatments for thalassemias have improved greatly in the past few years. People who have moderate and severe Thalassemia are now living longer and have better quality of life than before.

Thalassemia is the name of a group of genetic blood disorders. To understand how Thalassemia affects the human body, you must first understand a little about how blood is made.

Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying component of the red blood cells. It consists of two different proteins, an alpha and a beta. If the body doesn't produce enough of either of these two proteins, the red blood cells do not form properly and cannot carry sufficient oxygen. The result is anemia that begins in early childhood and lasts throughout life.

If you have mild thalassemia, you may not need treatment. But, if you have a more severe form of thalassemia, you may need regular blood transfusions. You can also take steps on your own, such as eating a good diet, to help boost your energy.

Since Thalassemia is not a single disorder but a group of related disorders that affect the human body in similar ways, it is important to understand the differences between the various types of thalassemia.